The Art of Pricing: Staying Competitive

Beth is an admin at Etsy on the Business Operations Team. She is writing about pricing in a multi-part series, so ask her your questions in the comments below.

Many artists set a price, stick to it and hope for the best. On Etsy, many people worry about the fine line between friendly competition and un-neighborly behavior in an often cooperative, community marketplace. However, there are approaches that can help make pricing easier and less stressful. So how do you approach your pricing strategy in this complicated context, you might ask.  Read on and get ready to do some strategizing!

Cost-plus pricing — In my last article, I discussed “cost based” or “cost plus” pricing. This is about getting an understanding of your total costs and applying a “wage factor” (how much you want or need to make on each item). This approach is important as a baseline, but is even more powerful when used with other pricing strategies discussed below.

Competition-based pricing — Simply stated, this is figuring out what your competitors are charging and adjusting your prices up or down accordingly.  This research should be done both on and off Etsy to give you a full range of prices for similar items. Once you have this range, evaluate your product against the similar products you found.  It is important to think about who you are competing with. Your competitors may not be someone who is making something very similar but someone who is targeting the same customer.  For example, think about your product not only as a wooden puzzle, but as a gift for a 6-year old boy.  This way you can compare your pricing more broadly.  Also ask yourself the following questions:

  • Why should a customer buy my product instead of the other products out there?
  • What is the perceived value and benefits of my product? How much does my customer think my product is worth?
  • Is my product made of better materials?
  • Does my product have more intricate work or design elements?
  • What is my reputation in comparison to the other artists making similar items?
  • How differentiated is my product?  What makes my product unique and special?
  • What is going to make me successful over the long term?

So what do you do with the answers to those questions? Most of the questions above are to help you create your product positioning and give your customer a reason to buy your product.  Tell your customers what is distinctive about you and your product, which is something your competitors can’t reproduce.

It will not be unusual for your competitors to respond to your pricing move.  If you price at the low end of the market, some competitors may respond by lowering their prices below yours. You can do a strategic brainstorm where you anticipate reactions from your competition and prepare accordingly.

But beware! This behavior can be a trap, a vicious cycle that will squeeze all of your profit in the blink of an eye.  Focus on what your customers are doing, if you are making sales, and adjust accordingly. If you are not making sales or see a drastic reduction in sales, evaluate your competition’s strategy as well as sales records. Consider these factors when making an additional pricing change.  Leave cut rate pricing to Walmart.


Demand pricing  — This concept is determining what customers are willing to pay for your product ($200 for a tiny bottle of perfume or $4 for a cup of coffee, for example) and setting the prices based on this demand.  For example, one of our admin sellers, Reconstructionist, who designs handmade undergarments, realized if someone was in the market for an $18-$20 handmade garment, they probably would not be deterred if the price point went up to $35-$40. This seller increased her prices and did not see a drop in demand.  Her customer base valued the style and uniqueness of her products. “I went and did price research in boutiques as well as on Etsy. I figure it’s more important to make a profit than to sell a ton and have to make a ton.”

Sometimes this is described as the price “the market will bear” — which means exercising your ability to charge more for a product that is seen as valuable or unique. This can be challenging and may take some experimentation on your part.  Test an increase in price on one of your products and track the progress.  I have heard many Etsy seller success stories using this tactic.

Another way to test demand is to have a good range of prices in your shop.  One seller who does this well is Flyballbags. Not only does she have the opportunity to gain trust with customers on less expensive items, she has lots of information about pricing her products, which will help her price her new products in the future.

Avoid asking friends or people in the forums what is the “most they are willing to pay” for your specific item.  People will perceive you are negotiating with them and the answers will inevitably be biased. You might ask, for instance, how much they expect to spend on a birthday gift for their nephew. Kfarrell, an Etsy admin seller, realized that when people are shopping for gifts for friends and family “$5 earrings? Naaahhh. Oh, but $15 earrings as a gift is good.” The perceived value here comes into play, along with how people perceive themselves. In other words, people want to think of themselves as hitting that generosity sweet spot, between finding a good deal and being a spendthrift.


All of these approaches should be used when making a decision regarding pricing. One example of using a combination of approaches is from entrepreneur Rena Klingenberg, who outlines her formula for jewelry pricing on her website. She explains that her pricing strategy not only compensates her fairly, but more accurately reflects what the item is worth to the buyer.

In general, most entrepreneurs — not just artists and crafters — price too low. When this happens you run the risk of difficulty or resistance to increasing your prices. If you want to build traction and a reputation, one way to get around this is to announce the pricing as “Special pricing” or “Introductory Discounts” and let the customer know what the expected regular price is immediately. This will give you flexibility to test the market price and improve your pricing later.

Regardless of your approach, being systematic will give you confidence in your pricing decisions and the information to adjust as needed.

Check back in next week, when I’ll be discussing price as indicator of value

68 comments

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  • lotsofiber

    lotsofiber says:

    Thanks. I don't sell on etsy yet, but I do look at prices a lot. I am a knitter and it is disheartening to see socks for say, $20, when most socks take 10 or more hours to knit. I am a very fast and accurate knitter, but I could never make a pair of socks for that small amount of money. And, if I were to sell on etsy, I would feel a pressure to do so. So, I sell my handknits elsewhere where the market will pay me closer to the correct amount. I really appreciate this article and the comments by the various sellers. I might not sell yet...but I certainly buy! :)

    4 years ago

  • tinymeat

    tinymeat says:

    Nice food for thought Beth. Viva la Tiny! Mikey and Mona

    4 years ago

  • smashing

    smashing says:

    these articles are great! thank you so much Beth! (i hope you don't mind, i put a link to this article on our team's blog?) :)

    4 years ago

  • HeyMichelleAdmin

    HeyMichelle says:

    great pricing articles, Beth! This is really, really helpful! Pricing is something that all artist struggle with- thanks for all the great info!

    4 years ago

  • Timeless

    Timeless says:

    Thanks so much for this. Pricing is always a difficult subject, and lots of us Etsy sellers need all the help we can get to set a good price for our products.

    4 years ago

  • TeenAngsterAdmin

    TeenAngster says:

    Smashing, put it on your blog! Spread the pricing love around!

    4 years ago

  • bethela

    bethela says:

    Absolutely link to this article! And forward to anyone you think this might help. Also, please post your questions. I will do my best to answer them here - or include them in anothe part of the series. Thanks!

    4 years ago

  • flyballbags

    flyballbags says:

    thanks bethela for using my shop as an example. I'm blushing! I really like these articles... they are so invaluable to me!

    4 years ago

  • smashing

    smashing says:

    thanks guys! the pricing love has been officially spread! :)

    4 years ago

  • Cryztalvisions

    Cryztalvisions says:

    Thank for this wonderfully written in-depth article on pricing. I hate to see talented artists price themselves right out of business, not because they charge too much, but because they grossly undervalue their work.

    4 years ago

  • hobbledehoy

    hobbledehoy says:

    This is really really helpful! I've been slowly raising my prices (due to increased skill, better source materials, etc.) and have not noticed a change in demand, much to my surprise! Thanks a billion! xo! Liz

    4 years ago

  • huffalo

    huffalo says:

    Thanks for your great beginning to this wonderful series. I'd love to hear your thoughts (or anyone's!) about pricing with regards to wholesale and consignment and also on/off Etsy. I sell in a few different situations and it gets confusing trying to maintain fairly consistent overall prices in the face of very different arrangements. craft...the ultimate extreme lifestyle choice. Lindsay

    4 years ago

  • handcrafter200726

    handcrafter200726 says:

    I know this comment is a little late but I just found the article. Thanks for all the info on pricing it helps a lot. I still consider myself to be new to etsy and selling my items. Pricing is the thing I have the most trouble with. I do mostly crochet and I love making hanging crochet towels but the price I would need to charge to cover cost and time is to high compared to what other sellers on etsy and elswhere charge for them. I am finding that crochet is just not one of those crafts that you can get paid for your time on, what do you think? In looking at prices by other sellers, I have found I can charge just enough to cover cost of material x2, most of the time. If you have any suggestions please let me know. I look forward to reading the rest of the series.

    4 years ago

  • tlsexton0913

    tlsexton0913 says:

    Thank you so much for this article. After reading the article that you pointed us to, I found out that I am way under pricing my jewelry. In the article, however, she uses x4. Is that a have to? Can we use x2, x2.5, x3. I say that because that is what I found in an About.com article for pricing jewelry.

    4 years ago

  • Asianexpressions

    Asianexpressions says:

    I'm a new seller on ETSY. I know I priced my products too low but I hope to sell a few so people can get to know me. But, the perceptions of "you get what you paid for" make it hard to price an item for sale. If you price them too high, it may not sale. If the price is low, people may think the product is cheaply made. So what can one do?

    4 years ago

  • MountainEagleCrafter

    MountainEagleCrafter says:

    Handcrafter, I hope you see this. I'm a crocheter/knitter, and the ABSOLUTE ROCK BOTTOM MINIMUM you should be charging is THREE times the cost of materials. THEN add in consideration for the time involved. I've had some trouble figuring out a price point for hand-knitted dishcloths. A pair takes fully as much time - and the materials cost more - than one of my adult size Strawberry or Watermelon hats. And I'm one heck of a fast worker. But who'd pay $18 for two dishcloths? *sigh* I'm getting requests for them, so there's definitely a desire. Took much effort, I figured out something, and will be listing the first pair soonest.

    4 years ago

  • edn2

    edn2 says:

    VERY HELPFUL! I am going to say something and hope I don't offend the male crafters and artists. Woman have a tendency to under value themselves but it is so important to VALUE ONES WORK and feel good when we sell something rather than have sellers remorse. THANKS

    4 years ago

  • VanessaAdmin

    Vanessa says:

    end2, I think you're right. We women are too nice a lot of the time!

    4 years ago

  • wyvernglass

    wyvernglass says:

    I completely second what you wrote edn2. I think we all need to be reminded of that more often!

    4 years ago

  • tasselthyme

    tasselthyme says:

    I'm just trying to get started, so this info is great. I always told my son he didn't charge enough for his work, I guess I should follow my own advice! Thanks Beth, your wisedom is appreciated.

    3 years ago

  • sexygeekwithattitude
  • gretchenmist

    gretchenmist says:

    a great article, thanku. i find pricing really tricky – original artwork pricing is so subjective! i'm new to selling art on etsy so have made my prices quite low and also varied. i'm aware that there is an enormous amount of comeptition for the $20 mark with the availability of so many beautiful prints of original work. the other thing that has been mentioned and i often think about as a buyer is the too low prices indicating lack of self worth or indeed bad work! i'll definitely read on, thanks.

    3 years ago

  • alankarshilpa

    alankarshilpa says:

    Great ideas. Thanks so much. I have read Rena's article and this concept of price and value is so complex. Thank you so much.

    3 years ago

  • BPyarns

    BPyarns says:

    Thanks for all the ideas~ great info

    3 years ago

  • MeadowbelleVintage

    MeadowbelleVintage says:

    Ok, I can see that I'm a little late to comment (I know you wrote this article a while ago). But isn't it great to know sellers are still getting use out of the info.? Thank you so much for these guidelines. Now I can put some clear concepts into practice!

    3 years ago

  • PoisonAppleNYC

    PoisonAppleNYC says:

    thank you for this information, i've been considering changing my pricing lately and these articles are very informative.

    3 years ago

  • EmbellishVintageSP

    EmbellishVintageSP says:

    Thanks for the info it's really hard to price my wreaths because of the vintage items in them, so I've been comparing them to other "regular" wreaths and I believe my prices are fair to the customer.

    3 years ago

  • dinosaurtoes

    dinosaurtoes says:

    What valuable info! I've always wondered about pricing, and have had a hard time with it, so I'm glad to have this article to look at!

    3 years ago

  • LiteArt

    LiteArt says:

    Yes, putting items in various price categories is a very good idea for the new shop.

    3 years ago

  • EmbellishVintageSP

    EmbellishVintageSP says:

    Thanks soooo much for the info!

    3 years ago

  • gbaneyx

    gbaneyx says:

    Very interesting and helpful. And yet, how to generate sales and traffic to get your store off the ground? If the pricing is too high for the market regardless of what your time is really worth (and it's a tight market right now) your items won't move and inventory just sites there...

    3 years ago

  • artichokey

    artichokey says:

    I am always amazed at how low my competitors' prices are for fine art prints. I just gotta wonder what corners they are cutting to make their prices so low.

    3 years ago

  • aStudiobytheSea

    aStudiobytheSea says:

    Thanks for the intelligent article, Beth. I'm in the planning stages for my shop, and pondering my pricing. I live in a pricey area (Westchester County, NY) and I know I can charge a higher amount for my item locally than the prices I see for similiar items on Etsy. It's a quandary!

    3 years ago

  • originalsample

    originalsample says:

    Great article.It is always an easy option to put prices low but it doesn't mean it will sell well.To be far with pricing as well as earning has always been my policy.

    3 years ago

  • nichan

    nichan says:

    i must print it

    3 years ago

  • SherylJean

    SherylJean says:

    This is something I've struggled with - thanks for the formula. - S

    3 years ago

  • he1ena

    he1ena says:

    I've always wondered about lowering the rates of my prints since they're a few dollars higher than what most stores charge. My store is very new and it really is tempting to make a few adjustments. But then I had to consider my costs since my photos aren't digital. There's film, developing and traditional printing from a custom lab. I will have orders printed only after sale so I also have to consider going to and from the lab. It's a process, and clients really get more than they paid for :)

    3 years ago

  • coveredinart

    coveredinart says:

    good article, thanks. I am a new seller and I might be wrong, but I feel that Etsy buyers are more or less the same people as sellers...very young. Which keeps the price range at the lower end. Can Etsy become known outside of its present market?

    3 years ago

  • PickleLilyDesign

    PickleLilyDesign says:

    Wonderful article! As a new seller on Etsy, I too have wondered about pricing. This is definately a keeper!

    3 years ago

  • Rose442

    Rose442 says:

    Great article,I am a buyer on etsy as well as a seller I do love a bargain.The markets vary in pricing alot so you do have to have some knowledge of how much you want to spend for whatever your buying!I love etsy because of all the wonderful idea's and One of a kind items you can call your own,there's so much to see it's endless.

    3 years ago

  • craftaria

    craftaria says:

    I loved the article! Never forget that all items are HANDMADE. We are not machines, it takes time, efort and creativity to make things. And that has a price! Good Sales to everyone! I hope i have my own store on Etsy soon :)

    3 years ago

  • GigiBoards

    GigiBoards says:

    Thanks as always for the tips! Good luck all.

    3 years ago

  • ateliermarla

    ateliermarla says:

    Really good article...thanks for the help

    2 years ago

  • Betanzos

    Betanzos says:

    A bit late, but just found this article. Very helpful because I agree that many women and artists under price their work in order to make a sale. yes, it's great to close the sale, but when one prices low, it brings down the rest of the market and makes it harder for the rest of artists who price their work for what it's worth. good article! Sue

    2 years ago

  • CandiedBeauty

    CandiedBeauty says:

    very informative. thanks

    2 years ago

  • aliengrace

    aliengrace says:

    Thankyou for the article. For some items or businesses, competitive-based pricing is going to be more accurate than cost-based pricing. In my case, I wildcraft (gather from the wild) quite a few of my supplies in the pursuit of leisure, and wouldn't really want to calculate a per-unit price or time on those supplies. However, seeing as this makes my products a lot more unique and has a "grassroots" appeal, I go straight to looking at what the market will bear for something like that - cut-throat comparisons with other items don't work quite as well. Obviously time taken to actually craft is important, though, but I won't try to sell an item if I can't make it for less labour than the market will bear if it's priced to reflect that labour. That is one of the bummers about selling craft - sometimes people will just not buy for a fair price what you love making, no matter how you present it. Especially on the internet. I'm trying to focus on commercially developing the more "profitable" "value-added" areas within my crafting scope- - but hey, I can always make the unprofitable items for myself. For FUN. I don't need the "ego boost" of selling those things.

    2 years ago

  • bellta

    bellta says:

    hello!!

    2 years ago

  • SOMETHINGDIFFERENTCB

    SOMETHINGDIFFERENTCB says:

    good article thanks

    2 years ago

  • LondonParticulars

    LondonParticulars says:

    Great food for thought, thank you! Alien Grace, I think that is a great point, there is not necessarily a market for everything...but making for the love of it is still Art.

    2 years ago

  • ialbert

    ialbert says:

    good one

    2 years ago

  • dogdaisy92

    dogdaisy92 says:

    You also have to consider other sellers of your goods. I have recently sold some items to shops and they double the price. My etsy price was also my wholesale or trade price..but I have had to change that. The stockists are not happy for me to be selling online at a lower price than they do. After much discussion with other more long standing professional crafts people I have decided to have a recommended minimum retail price and that will slowly be introduced into my etsy shop. the recent small increase hasn't stopped buyers. I have to have confidence in my work..(I'm told)!!

    2 years ago

  • beadsbygabriella

    beadsbygabriella says:

    Great advice, I have been told my pieces are way underpriced for the quality and going rate but I am afraid of pricing too high and disappointing someone or not getting the sale. I havent sold anything yet on etsy mostly to friends friends and family. After reading this I am definetly rethinking my strategy though. I guess it's sort of a trial and error process. Thanks for the great tips!

    2 years ago

  • HandbagArtist

    HandbagArtist says:

    It would be a great addition to Etsy to have a survey function that let shoppers who do noy buy leave a comment on price (or any other reason why they didn't buy). I know people are looking at my handmade handbags and I have many people compliment them when I'm out and about with one on my arm, but few sales online or off. Would love to get some feedback on whether price is a barrier!

    2 years ago

  • AngelWolfsArtwork

    AngelWolfsArtwork says:

    I have to agree with the comment on pricing. I am fairly new to Etsy (aprox 2 months) I have many people looking at my jewelery and other items but have not made any sales. I have lowered pricing on many of the items listed, but that hasn't made a difference. I have also looked at similar items and found mine to be fairly competitive. What am I doing wrong?

    2 years ago

  • QuiltsAreUs

    QuiltsAreUs says:

    Thank you for the tips. It's inspiring to read what others already know about selling on etsy.

    2 years ago

  • pieintheskyjewelry

    pieintheskyjewelry says:

    Thanks...I agree with AngelWolfsartwork..I have lowered my prices with no results. I am having trouble moving my items. I have gotten over 100 looks on most of my stuff but no buys?? I am baffled...thanks again for the article..

    2 years ago

  • magnoliasboutique

    magnoliasboutique says:

    Pricing has been the biggest problem for me. There is such a wide variation on the prices of similar items sold by different sellers. As a seller of childrens clothing I find it hard to believe a seller can buy fabric and devote time to sewing a garment and sell it for $10 or $12 and still turn a profit. It seriously undercuts the sales of other sellers. People think nothing of paying $20 and up for a 15 minute haircut. Is the time I spend behind a sewing machine any less valuable?

    2 years ago

  • freedomallowed

    freedomallowed says:

    I found this article very helpful! thank you so much! I am new on here and I have read the comments about fine art prints and I have to say I understand the others' difficulties with pricing their pieces of art. I personally do the printing myself in the dark room so I put on sale only a very limited amount of prints per photograph. I could not charge significantly less than what I do simply because of the time and efforts it take me to do what I love to do. I thought about doing some opening discounts but I am not too sure yet.. Anyways, I will keep on reading your material and I really like the etsy community in general.

    2 years ago

  • munchkinglassworks

    munchkinglassworks says:

    I recently took a BATH on a sale because I charged $4.00 for mailing and the buyer lived in a rural area. It cost me over $10.00 to mail the package. How do I avoid this in the future? I know on Ebay there is a way to ask someone their zip code at purchase, figure costs and send them an invoice. Thanks Meg

    2 years ago

  • LizzieLuna

    LizzieLuna says:

    Great material...great advice. Etsy is easier to showcase my jewelry than art fairs and I feel like my prices need to reflect that.

    1 year ago

  • BabyBundleBoutique

    BabyBundleBoutique says:

    great tips thanks..lot of things to keep in mind that i didn't always consider..so much to learn!

    1 year ago

  • TwinTreeCrafts

    TwinTreeCrafts says:

    Wow...I never considered the fact that pricing too low may make people feel cheap when buying my products. I guess as a new seller, I am looking at pricing from my point of view only. Now I need to work on getting into the buyer's head.

    1 year ago

  • Orizu

    Orizu says:

    The first commenter hit the nail on the head! 10 hours to knit one pair of socks as a gifted knitter selling at only $10 ..a bargin for the buyer! There definately needs to be a clear distinction between mass produced and real handmade items. Sellers should not feel awkward about pricing their great work for a decent price..but they do because of the lack of knowledge about craft and handmade.. I've even noticed mass produced items tagged as 'handmade'. lol

    276 days ago

  • Cattytaurus

    Cattytaurus says:

    Another good article! Lots of good advice. As far as I'm thinking, when you first open your shop, if you price low to get the sales how hard will it be to get what your product is actually worth? I am new to Etsy, my shop is open, no sales pending. But I'm worth my prices and I can afford to sit on my products for a while until the right buyer comes along. Like you mentioned in your article: LEAVE THE CUTRATE PRICING TO WALMART. Each of my creations is exactly that, a creation that is one of a kind and may not appeal to mass buyers out there. I don't have wholesale pricing because I won't do wholesale. My target buyers are the individuals out there looking for that one special something and I just have to have faith they will find me.

    209 days ago

  • mjmacgillivray

    mjmacgillivray says:

    This is a really helpful article. I am a knitter and people have been telling me that I should knit items to sell. This has often been a hard concept for me because I develop an attachment to the items I make. In a few weeks I will have more time to devote to knitting so I am going to create a few samples and gauge the time each item takes with the price. I'm hoping I might be able to be distinctive from other knitters because unfortunately I am allergic to wool and alpaca so hopefully I can target the buyer who wants the warmth of wool without the hives. haha.

    181 days ago

  • OwlsPlay

    OwlsPlay says:

    Great information for those of us just starting out on Etsy! I hate pricing. I wish I could just give things away and share the joy with people, mais il n'est pas pratique :( The Etsy concept is a new one for me, as I have until now worked on a custom/commission basis or out of exclusive boutiques. Thanks for the info!!

    130 days ago

  • bmillie

    bmillie says:

    I don't sell with Etsy yet but hope to in the future. It would be a GREAT help if the sold items still had the price on them. Many times the sold items are one of a kind and it would be such a help to know what they sold for. Millie

    105 days ago

  • SewSimplyFresh

    Kim Opoku-Ansah from StitchLightly says:

    I just started selling on etsy and have been debating with myself about the right price. It is complicated but I think it will just take some trial and error and I want to make sure I am paying myself fairly for all the time and work I put into my products. :)

    34 days ago