Our Pan-African Movements poster highlights pre & post WWI and WWII Pan-African movements and key figures such as Henry S. Williams, Alice Kinloch, Bishop Alexander Walters, Marcus Garvey, W.E.B. Dubois, Kwame Nkrumah, Jomo Kenyatta, Amy Ashwood Garvey, C.L.R. James, George Padmore, Chris Jones, Ras Makonnen, I.T.A. Wallace-Johnson, Dr. Peter Milliard and Hastings Banda.
FEATURED PAN-AFRICAN MOVEMENTS:
The African Association | 1897 | London
Founders:
Henry S. Williams Trinidadian Barrister & Pan-Africanist organizer
Alice V. Kinloch South African human rights activist, public speaker & writer
We aim to: “ENCOURAGE A FEELING OF UNITY AND TO FACILITATE FRIENDLY INTERCOURSE AMONG AFRICANS IN GENERAL; TO PROMOTE AND PROTECT THE INTERESTS OF ALL SUBJECTS CLAIMING AFRICAN DESCENT, WHOLLY OR IN PART, IN BRITISH COLONIES AND OTHER PLACES, ESPECIALLY IN AFRICA, BY CIRCULATING ACCURATE INFORMATION ON ALL SUBJECTS AFFECTING THEIR RIGHTS AND PRIVILEGES AS SUBJECTS OF THE BRITISH EMPIRE, BY DIRECT APPEALS TO THE IMPERIAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS.”
The Pan-African Conference | 1900 | London
“for the first time in history black people had gathered from all parts of the globe to discuss & improve the condition of their race, to assert their rights and organize so that they might take an equal place among nations.” - Bishop Alexander Walters
The Universal Negro Improvement Association | 1914 | Kingston, Jamaica
Dedicated to racial pride, Black economic self-sufficiency & the formation of an independent Black nation in Africa. Founded by Marcus Garvey & Amy Ashwood Garvey
The 1st Pan-African Congress | 1919 | Paris
Revival of the Pan-African Conference organized by W. E. B. Du Bois
The 2nd Pan-African Congress | 1921 | London, Brussels, Paris
Promoted racial equality & developed the Manifesto to the League of Nations
The 3rd Pan-African Congress | 1923 | London & Lisbon
Advocated for Africa to be governed by Africans
The 4th Pan-African Congress | 1927 | New York
Promoted the rights of Africans to land, suffrage, education and
to treatment as civilized men organized by the African-American Women's
organization, Circle for Peace & Foreign Relations.
The International African Friends of Abyssinia | 1935 | London
Founded by Amy Ashwood Garvey, C.L.R. James, George Padmore & Jomo Kenyatta
to promote the cause of Ethiopian sovereignty
The International African Service Bureau | 1937 | London
The IASB emerged From THE IAFA organization continuing to
advocate freedom for Africa & the African diaspora
Founded by George Padmore, C.L.R. James, Amy Ashwood Garvey,
Chris Jones, Ras Makonnen, Jomo Kenyatta & I.T.A. Wallace-Johnson
The Pan-African Federation | 1944 | Manchester
Re-formed under the presidency of Dr. Peter Milliard
& Ras Makonnen to organize The 5th Pan-African Congress
The 5th Pan-African Congress | 1945 | Manchester
Marked 'the beginning of the end of European colonial rule in Africa and the Caribbean'
key figures were Jomo Kenyatta, Kwame Nkrumah, Hastings Banda, George Padmore, W.E.B. DUBOIS & Amy Jacques Garvey
FEATURED QUOTE FROM DR. JOHN HENRIK CLARKE
“PAN-AFRICANISM: A BRIEF HISTORY OF AN IDEA IN THE AFRICAN WORLD.” PRÉSENCE AFRICAINE, NO. 145 (1ST QUARTER, 1988), 26-56.
IN ESSENCE, PAN-AFRICANISM IS ABOUT THE RESTORATION OF AFRICAN PEOPLE TO THEIR PROPER PLACE IN WORLD HISTORY. HOWEVER, THE OBJECTIVE OF PAN-AFRICANISM IS NOT ONLY THE RESTORATION OF LAND AND NATIONHOOD; IT ALSO AIMS AT RESTORING RESPECT. ANY THOUGHT OR ACTION ON THE PART OF AN AFRICAN PERSON TO PROTECT AND DEFEND their CONCEPT OF CULTURE, HISTORY AND POLITICS, AND TO DEFEND Their RIGHT TO SELF-DETERMINATION, IS AN ASPECT OF PAN-AFRICANISM. THE ACTION AND THOUGHT PATTERNS ASSOCIATED WITH PAN-AFRICANISM DATE BACK TO THE 18TH CENTURY.
DR. JOHN HENRIK CLARKE
